Individuals who are blind and visually impaired face numerous challenges living in a world designed for people with sight. Neuroplasticity is the remarkable ability of the brain to change its structure and function in response to experience, injury, and environmental demands. At the Laboratory for Visual Neuroplasticity in the Department of Ophthalmology at Massachusetts Eye & Ear, our group focuses on understanding how the brain adapts to visual impairment. It is commonly assumed that in the setting of visual deprivation, the other remaining senses compensate in some way, recruiting parts of the brain dedicated to processing visual information. We use multiple experimental techniques, including behavioral assessments based on virtual reality and eye-tracking, as well as structural and functional brain imaging, to better understand how individuals living with visual impairment interact with their world. In particular, we are interested in understanding how the brain adapts when visual impairment is caused by a problem with the eyes compared to injury and maldevelopment of the visual brain itself. This research is likely to shed light on not only how individuals with visual impairment perceive and interact with their surrounding world, but also the remarkable ability and potential of the brain to learn and adapt.