Neural restoration – Many neurological disorders such as motor paralysis and stroke have little or no current treatment. Our group is the first to develop a functional cortical-spinal neural prosthetic “bypass” able to restore basic volitional motor control in a fully paralyzed limb. It is also the first to create a concurrent brain-machine-interface able to simultaneously execute multiple motor plans in paralyzed subjects and to test novel deep brain stimulation approaches for treating a variety of motor disorders. Finally, we have developed advanced closed-loop recording and stimulation techniques that allow us to enhance specific cognitive functions such as learning and pro-social behavior.  Our eventual goal is to translate some of these findings into eventual clinical use.